Tuesday, December 24, 2019

The Employment Outlook For English Majors - 1281 Words

An important step in every student’s life concerns choosing a college major that will give the best life and career benefits. Mark Edmundson a professor of English at the University of Virginia and author of Why Teach? advises students to pursue an English degree because it â€Å"means pursuing the most important subject of all--being a human being† (Edmundson). English majors pursue the English degree for several reasons; to experience other people’s lives through texts, understand and interpret language, answer life’s questions and learn how to live as human beings (Edmundson). Although understanding people, language and humanity seem like worthy aesthetic reasons for pursuing the English major there are other factors to consider that include employment and wages. The employment outlook for English majors has two disadvantages and consists of a decline of English majors in America due to internal and external institutional factors, and the recession/global financial crisis. However, three employment advantages exist for the English major that include increasing opportunities due to skill acquisition, versatility in the ability to choose the type of profession and increasing wages. One of two employment disadvantages for English majors includes the decline in English majors due to several factors. William M. Chace a professor of English at Stanford University, in his article The Decline of the English Department, reports that the Business major has become the highest rankingShow MoreRelatedCareer Of Career : Stage / Film Producer1262 Words   |  6 Pages(â€Å"Occupational Outlook,† 2015). 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I dont have above all skills right now, but Im trying to get English skills more and I have knowledge of mathmatics and other sciences even though those areRead MoreComputer Science Is A Hard Concept Of Grasp Because It Involves Problem Solving And Logical Thinking1586 Words   |  7 Pagesdo not have the necessary skill sets to land a job related to their major. There are plenty of skills these students will not learn because of the high class sizes doesn’t allow them to be working in small groups or maintaining old projects for the long-term. They will be able to code, but according to BLS recent report, the current and future outlook for computer programmers in the United States has a -8% decline in employment. Analysis: University of Maryland’s computer science department hasRead MoreImpact of the English Reformation and the Restoration on the English Colonies1729 Words   |  7 PagesImpact of the English Reformation and the Restoration on the English Colonies From the turmoils of establishing a stable political and religious identity in all of Europe, and England in particular, gave rise to the English Reformation and subsequently the Restoration era in the 16th and 17th centuries. While the onset of both the English Reformation and the Restoration era had a prominent impact on the colonies in the New World in regards to religious freedom, they differed in that theRead MoreCareer Path Of Visual Communication Design Essay1694 Words   |  7 Pagestold myself while trying to pick my major when I made the big transition in going to college. Coming from a family of doctors, veterinarians, and other various medical careers, it was almost unheard of to pursue a career in the arts. 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Forster, a liberal and humanist in outlook, emphasised the importance of love and understanding at the personal level in this novel. Edward Morgan Forster was born in London in 1879 and was educated at Tonbridge in Kent and Kings College in Cambridge. He travelled much and visited ItalyRead More Dream Job Essay846 Words   |  4 Pagesinto supervisory positions. Also, to become a park ranger there is no special licensing or certification required. There are three major degrees that are preferred. These include: parks, recreation, and leisure studies, business or public administration, and natural sciences. The one that I am interested in studying is Parks, Recreation, and Leisure studies. This major is offered at a variety of schools. 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Monday, December 16, 2019

Gross Domestic Product Free Essays

Introduction Gross domestic product (GDP) refers to the market value of all goods and services produced within a country in a given length of time. It is usually used to indicate countries standard of leaving. Simon Kuznets a n American economic researcher , who has pointed out that there is more to life than money, has been focusing on â€Å"gross national happiness â€Å"another way of indicating countries standard of leaving. We will write a custom essay sample on Gross Domestic Product or any similar topic only for you Order Now But this time it is by measuring the change in our standard of living and by our quality of life instead of how much money we pocketed in a given period of time. The concept of gross national happiness or (GNH )was developed in an attempt to define an indicator that measures quality life or social progress in more holistic and physychological terms than gross domestic product .This idea has been followed from the upper echelons of Barack Obama to the prim minister of united Kingdome David Cameron the goal of measuring nations well being has been a major goal of this policy makers .They join the trend setter the Kingdome of Bhutan a Himalayan mountain country located in south Asia between republic of India and people republic of china . Gross domestic income (G.D.P) Product or output approach, income approach and expenditure approach have been used to determine GDP. Because of summing up the output of every product enterprise to come to the total the product approach has been the most direct of the three approaches. On the other hand the income approach principle says income of producers must be equal to the value of their product and it determines gross domestic income by finding the sum of all producers’ income. Expenditure approach uses a principle that all of the product must be bought by somebody, therefore the value of the total product must be equal to peoples’ expenditure in buying things. GNH(growth national happiness) GNH (gross national happiness) was introduced to measure quality of life in a nation. The term was initiated in 1972 by Bhutan’s former king jigme singyewangchuch, who lead Bhutan into modernization. but under the leadership of karma Ura ,it developed a sophisticated survey instrument .This survey instrument measures the general wellbeing of the Bhutan nation. The instrument was invented with collaboration with the Canadian health epidemiologist Michael pennoke.like many psychological and social indicators,GNH is somewhat easier to state than to define with mathematical precision.(WIKI DIFFEERENCE The difference between the two is, G.D.P is based on how the country is pocketing money and how each year they are growing or going down financial wise .but gross national happiness indicate or measure national well being, by measuring this they will know how happy the nation is. Measuring national happiness is used to help the government understand â€Å"with evidence â€Å"the best way of improving peoples well being (David Cameron). By measuring how happy the nation is .But on the other hand G.D.P measure countries economical performance. G.D.P measures quantitative measures not qualitative like G.N.H.G.D.P takes no account of the distribution of income and includes no moral judgments about the worth of the activity performed Money is the most common medium of exchange in the modern world .modern nation compares their wealth with the amount of money they accumulate. Money can buy you just about anything in this modern age. Many big nations like the United Kingdom and the United States of America measure their economic wealth by G.D.P or gross domestic product. But this countries are realising there is more to life than money, they are considering measuring national wellbeing or gross national happiness (G.N.H) to measure how happy there nation is, the first nation that measured G.N.H is the country of Bhutan. Bhutan’s does not idolise money as the rest of the world does. They do not have as many material possessions as the people of the united Kingdome or of the United States. There for money does not have a major usage. Its seems like people in the united Kingdome tend to need money to be happy in life,(give good example from the hand out?)The people of Bhutan do not need money or wealth to be happy. Families in the western society are straggling to feed and maintain necessity needs in the house. Parents have to be working full time to pay for food, gas, internet, electricity, transport .it can be any kind of transport it can be a car, for example when owning a car there are cost that comes with it like paying for road tax insurance and petrol. it can also be a train, there is cost that comes with it like paying monthly or weekly or daily travel card but in the country of Bhutan the means of transport is, use mule back or horse back to move from place to place which is cost less. Some of these expenses are not necessity in the country of Bhutan like the internet. There life is not based on technology they don’t need the internet to live there life but on the other hand UK families need internet to lead there day to day life ,the kids at home needs internet to do there course work the the father and mother needs it to pay bills and for work purpose .This had mounted the expense of the UK and most western families expenses.† the more money you got the more expense u will have â€Å"the stress level in western world is highly elevated ,as opposed to the stress level of families of Bhutan. Bhutanese families spend time together as they usually work together in their farm or at home. There life style tends to be togetherness. Therefore giving Bhutanese a good quality time with their family. Which also avoid loneliness or spending time worrying .Bhutan’s work as a family which means they chain of delegation is from a family memberWhich makes their jobs easier, they don’t have a boss ordering them or giving them dead line to finish a task or a work time keeper who cheeks time when they come late to work them gives them a final warning. This in itself can avoid work related stress .stress at work is a major issue in the united kingdom according to the BBC news, stress at work makes men ill. † Bhutanese people have much less money than Britons but they seem to be happier because they don’t have any use for money. The trade in Bhutan deals with animals or foods, or handcrafted articles of clothing or weaponry .In the UK everything or every transaction requires the use of money in one way or the other .G.D.P is very important in a country like the united Kingdome .because economies change very rapidly from positive to negative and vice versa .but the economies of country like Bhutans is so small. There for makes G.D.P measurement harder. Growth national happiness in Bhutan seems to work for them than growth domestic product. Becouse people don’t use money; they have more opportunity to be happy with what they owned . PROBLEMS OF MESURING G.D.P DOUBLECOUNTINGThere are lots of problems in measuring G.D.P, one of the problems in measuring G.D.P is errors and omission, and this is a problem in calculating and collecting the statistics of nation. This problem arises because people hide their incomes and firms hide their expenditure to avoid taxation. as a result of this there will be another economical nation called the black economy in one country, (Akemed 2001 ) also suggest that it is known as â€Å"rag gun†. Another way in which double counting can occur is through stock appreciation. The increase in inflation which will also increase the stock value, even though this adds firms a profit; it represents no increase in real income .gain such as this must be deducted from the income figure. G.D.P DOESNOT TAKE INTO ACCOUNT OF INCOME DISTRIBUTION By trying to avoid distribution of income, G.D.P hides the fact that rising tide dos note lift all boats. from the early ninety seventieth till mid ninetieth G.D.P rose by staggering 50% were by wages suffered a massive fall of 14 % ,in the start of ninety eighty one alone the upper 5% of households increased their real income by almost 20% yet the G.D.P present this massive gain at the top as a bounty to all. In 2006 Richard Layard an economist from LSE argued unhappiness is a bigger problem than unemployment in the United Kingdom. This shows people are more concerned about their happiness and well being than there income. There for measuring peoples income is useless, because people are not concerned about what they get paid they are more concerned about their happiness and well being .more people are claiming incapacity benefits because of depression and other mental disorder. So policy makers need to take into accounts such factors, And change the way we calculate the countri es growth.(THE ECONOMIST NOVEMBER 27Th 2010 edition page 86). G.D.P measures divorce, crime, and natural disaster as economical gain As G.D.P records every monetary transaction as a positive one the cost of social problem in natural disaster are classified as economical advance. Divorce adds billion pounds through legal expenses, crime ads billions to the UK GDP due the need for security measures increasing police protection and medical cost. Hurricane Andrew was disastrous for southern Florida, but GDP has recorded it as a boom to the US economy pocketing well over 15billion dollars. ( Clifford W. Cobb and John B. Cobb, Jr. 1994:12 ) GDP INCREASES WITH POLLUTING ACTIVITIES Highly funded cleanup of toxic sites is slated to cost billions of pounds over the next three years. This will also increase up the GDP, the growth domestic product first added the economic activity or economic boom in industries and manufacturing to generate the pollution. It creates illusion that pollution is double economical benefits. This is how Exxon Valdez oil spill led to the increase of GDP. This shows that GDP measures quantitatively, it includes no moral judgment about the activity performed to increase the economy. More to this the clean up on nuclear accident like of the Fukushima in Japan will add to GDP in the same way of production of solar power. When oil is found in one country it is sold to the consumers it is counted as an additional to the country’s wealth rather than loose or depletion of the country’s resource. PROBLEMS OF MESURING G.N.H On the other hand growth national happiness also has its down falls, GNH is rather complementary than a real substitute of G.D.P. Our business environment needs highly tangible indices like G.D.P in order to assess its market. As Mr. Cameron said it â€Å"you cannot capture happiness on a spreadsheet any more than you can bottle it†. Critics say that international comparison of well-being will be difficult on this model; proponents maintain that each country can define its own measure of GNH as it chooses, and that comparisons over time between nations will have validity .Recently there has been concern that happiness research could be used to advance authoritarian aims. Some participants at a happiness conference in Rome have suggested that happiness research should not be used as a matter of public policy but rather used to inform individuals. In the case of Bhutan (BBC news 2003) shows that the government expelled about one hundred thousand people and stripped them of their Bhutanese citizenship on the grounds that the deportees were ethnic Nepalese who had settled in the country illegally. While this would reduce Bhutan’s wealth by most traditional measures such as GDP, the Bhutan government claims it has not reduced Bhutan’s GNH .growth national happiness is hard to measure and it has its own conciseness .because happiness is not definable its hard to put on a spread sheet, unless everyone is brain scanned. So it requires lots of time and money. Major problems with measuring happiness are that, it is composed of other elements to. In crude mathematics it will be defined as H=R-E.in short it means the lower peoples expectation are the happier they are, on the other hand the higher peoples expectation are the less happy they are. Most people think happiness is not measurable, it’s too abstract, too subjective, too hard to quantify by asking people how satisfy they are with their life on a scale of one to ten, on doing so this will not give accurate answer for measuring happiness. The other alternative is to focus in particular set of events and ask what feeling do people show as the day goes on or â€Å" day reconstruction method or DRM† which is produce by researchers including Norbert Schwarz a physiologist and the economist Alan Krueger ex chief economist of the us treasury and another noble prize winner physiologist Daniel k . ‘The alternative approach to measure happiness by recalling episode by episode of previous day event and the most highlighted part of feeling like stress , peace, exhaustion elation. Inshore this approach measures mood and life satisfaction and these two concepts are quite different ways to think about happiness. ‘ a survey measuring woman in America in France found that the Americans were twice likely to say they were very satisfied and happy with their lives but on the other hand the French women spent more of their day in a good mood. â€Å"We have tended for too long to use a single ward to refer to wide Varity of things† says professor kahanman. There is a real need to distinguish between life satisfaction and mood or experienced happiness. They are quite distinct and they have different causes and consequences. So this has led happiness hard to measure because of all consequences that come with it therefore GNH can be a problem to measure success of a coun try because of the low accuracy level. A country cannot measure its success on inaccurate results. References (1). http://www.thinkingeurope.eu/content.php?hmID=20smID=34ssmID=196 (Accessed on 9 Mar11) (2) http://www.scribd.com/doc/2977226/Economics-Gross-Domestic-Product-vs-Gross-National-Happiness used it for the difference on 23 march (3)BBC (2006) stress at work makes men at work ill(on line) available from http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/5059278.stm 4 THE GREEN NATIONAL PRODUCT: A Proposed Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare; Clifford W. Cobb and John B. Cobb, Jr; University Press of America, 1994 ISBN 0-8191-9322-4) 5) BBC(2003) butan refugees on hunger strike(on line) available at http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/2774803.stm How to cite Gross Domestic Product, Essay examples

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Managing Business Ethics

Questions: 1. I have argued in the course that companies operate in an environment of contested values. What are the implications for the role of business ethics in organizations, value creation of the company and corporate success? 2. Stakeholder management is an essential part of business ethics and key to corporate survival. a) Please outline the key elements of good stakeholder management; b) discuss the core challenges of stakeholder management; and c) discuss how a company can overcome these core challenges. 3.Sustainability was a theme in several sessions throughout the course. Why is sustainability everyones business and what is/should be the role of companies in creating sustainable futures? 4. Responsible leadership provides the micro-level foundations of good business ethics. a) Discuss the relevance of leadership in advancing business ethics and b) elaborate on the the core ideas of responsible leadership. c) Please provide an example of a responsible leader and discuss why this per son should be considered one. 5 Business ethics across cultures is essential to a peaceful value creation in the global economy. What principles, if any, should be applied across cultures? Answers: 1. There are various implications of business ethics, value creation and corporate success. Business ethics is very much necessary as it provides a concern to an individual or employee of the organization to differentiate between the right and wrong. The employees of the pharmaceuticals are influenced by the culture of the company. Value creation helps in insuring the future availability of investment capital to fund operation. The culture of the pharmaceutical company helps in influencing the success of the company. The strong culture of the organization that is compatible with the environment helps in driving better financial results. Corporate culture of the company can also affected the viewpoint of employees towards the future economic performance of the organization. The corporate cultures of the organization have three important metrics that are substance, strength and adaptability. There are many implications of business ethics in pharmaceutical company (Weiss 2014). The Areas of Activity Include: Human Resource Management: the human resource management were trained, so that there is no discrimination in pharmaceutical company and the employees should think that they were selected on the basis of merit (Chell et al. 2016) Production: before production of drugs it is very much important to test the drug at least two types in order to maintain the ethics in production. Sales and Marketing: Unethical means of marketing business should be avoided by using methods like spamming, green washing etc. CEO of the pharmaceutical company suggested that investment in the drug was beneficial as the culture of the pharmaceutical company helps in influencing the success of the company. The strong culture of the organization that is compatible with the environment helps in driving better financial results. 2. Stakeholder can affect or it can affect the organization. The main keys of stakeholder management include creditors, directors, owners, government, suppliers, unions etc. Stakeholder Management can be defined as a process or control. The process and planning is guided by underlying principles. The stakeholder management helps in planning and preparing strategies using information that is gathered using different process. The process includes stakeholder identification, analysis of stakeholder, engagement with stakeholder and stakeholder communication. Utilization of stakeholder management helps in drawing growing number of individuals and firms into the associated field (Guerrero et al. 2013) The Challenges that Stakeholder Management Faces are: To develop new products or to enter in a new markets Building of collaborative relationship that helps in achieving the goals of the company Poor knowledge and solutions that help in addressing societal, industrial and business related issues Underestimating the challenges of power if collaboration within the organization. There are Many Methods by which the Organization Overcome the Challenges if Sustainable Management. The Methods are: It must be ensured that the stakeholder selected is the right one for the organization. The selected stakeholders are qualified for providing right feedback in the field of sustainability (Matos and Silvestre 2013). Companies must be cautious so to avoid that the stakeholder gets engaged with their work, but it should be kept in mind that existing relationship should be made strong enough for providing profit to the organization. CEO of parametrical suggested investing the money in parametrical company. This is because CEO of the company supported to invest in this drug company as it helps in lining the corporate mission of the company through leadership that is related with business ethics. It would help in generating substantial social value and would be of some strategic benefit. 3. The pharmaceutical company supports sustainable business in order to create long-term practices that do things for saving the environment, well-being of the employees etc. The sustainable business is needed by every Company as it helps in economic, social and environment development (Boons et al. 2013) Economic Development: the economic development of a company is related with sustainability. Therefore, every company needs to get developed in the fields of economic and as a result they support sustainable business or get involved in sustainable business (Bocken et al. 2014) Social Development: sustainability helps in making laws and legislation for protecting the health of the employees. Sustainability is used in preserving the health and wellness of the people. Environmental Development: sustainability helps in protecting the environment by recycling and reducing consumption of resources. Thus, the quality of air, integrity, sustainability of resources gets improved. It is also concerned about the greener future by using sustainability. Thus, for achieving the economic, social and environmental development, every company wants to support sustainable business (Hwang and Ng 2013). The Role Pharmaceutical Company plays an Important Role in Creating Sustaining Future. The Main Roles of the Company are: The company increases their function towards health, well-being, training of the employees The wastes from the drug company should be recycled and dumped properly in order to preserve the environment. It also helps in reducing water and energy consumption. Sustainability and innovation in the projects should need to be promoted. The projects include co-design, assessment of life-cycle, human factors engineering and efficiency of environment. CEO of the company support investment in the drug company as it helps in creating significant strategic benefit for the firm by supporting sustainable business. 4. Leadership in business ethics can involve a broad area of spectrum. Reputation and incredibility of the company can be emphasized using ethical decision, behavior and boundaries. The leadership skills help in demonstrating appropriate ethics of the business and in creating the culture of the team. It provides benchmark to employees that are measurable and they can make independent decisions in daily duties. Both managers and employers are involved in the process of ethics for having a communication between them. In todays industry word travels quickly (Floyd et al. 2013). Therefore, companies get benefited by involving in leadership related with business ethics. If a company can keep their word, can make right choices, and if helps in keeping ethics before monetary gain then business will grow. The Core Ideas of Responsible Leadership Include: It is one of the main characteristics of responsible leadership that the leader needs to make sometimes difficult decisions. It is very much important that the leader is trusted by its team member. They can develop, manage and sustain the vision of their organization in order to achieve the goal and objectives of the company. The leader and the employees must work together in order to get agreeable and useful solution of a problem (Weiss 2014). The main responsibility of the leader is the goals and objectives of the organization. Jack DeGioia is one of the renowned and responsible leaders. The president has given truth to ponder and a standard to live up not only to the members of Georgetown community but to everyone. CEO of the company, supported to invest in this drug company as it helps in lining the corporate mission of the company through leadership that is related with business ethics. It would help in generating substantial social value and would be of some strategic benefit. It provides benchmark to the employees that are measurable and they can make independent decisions in daily duties. Both managers and employers are involved in the process of ethics for having a communication between them. 5. Business ethics is very much necessary as it provides a concern to an individual or employee of the organization to differentiate between the right and wrong. The employees of the pharmaceuticals are influenced by the culture of the company. Business ethics can involve a broad area of spectrum. Reputation and incredibility of the company can be emphasized using ethical decision, behavior and boundaries. Both managers and employers are involved in the process of ethics for having a communication between them. In todays industry word travels quickly. In todays industry word travels quickly. Therefore, companies get benefited by involving in leadership related with business ethics. If a company can keep their word, can make right choices, and if helps in keeping ethics before monetary gain then business will grow. Morale among young workers can be improved which is helpful in increasing productivity of the company and employees retention. This is because of the positive and healthy c orporate culture. Efficiency of the company can be improved by increasing the productivity of the company. Increase in employee retention method reduces the cost of replacing the old employees of the organization (Hoffman et al. 2014) There are many principles of business ethics such as honesty, integrity, keeping promise, loyalty, caring, low branding and commitment to excellence. The parametrical organization follows the principles of loyalty. Loyal framework of ethical principle should be implemented. The organization should be loyal to its employees and also to its customers. The customers once started trusting an organization then this will have a positive effect on the company. The employers will work in order to achieve the goals and objectives of pharmaceutical company. Therefore, loyalty is very much necessary in making a strong bond between the employers and the organization. Thus the CEO of the company should invest money in order to increase the economic benefit of the company. Higher costs or return on investment is generated for shareholders by following the ethical process in business. References Bocken, N.M.P., Short, S.W., Rana, P. and Evans, S., 2014. A literature and practice review to develop sustainable business model archetypes.Journal of cleaner production,65, pp.42-56. Boons, F., Montalvo, C., Quist, J. and Wagner, M., 2013. Sustainable innovation, business models and economic performance: an overview.Journal of Cleaner Production,45, pp.1-8. Chell, E., Spence, L.J., Perrini, F. and Harris, J.D., 2016. Social entrepreneurship and business ethics: does social equal ethical?.Journal of Business Ethics,133(4), pp.619-625. Floyd, L.A., Xu, F., Atkins, R. and Caldwell, C., 2013. Ethical outcomes and business ethics: Toward improving business ethics education.Journal of business ethics,117(4), pp.753-776. Guerrero, L.A., Maas, G. and Hogland, W., 2013. Solid waste management challenges for cities in developing countries.Waste management,33(1), pp.220-232. Hoffman, W.M., Frederick, R.E. and Schwartz, M.S. eds., 2014.Business ethics: Readings and cases in corporate morality. John Wiley Sons. Hwang, B.G. and Ng, W.J., 2013. Project management knowledge and skills for green construction: Overcoming challenges.International Journal of Project Management,31(2), pp.272-284. Matos, S. and Silvestre, B.S., 2013. Managing stakeholder relations when developing sustainable business models: the case of the Brazilian energy sector.Journal of Cleaner Production,45, pp.61-73. Weiss, J.W., 2014.Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Weiss, J.W., 2014.Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.